2016年已接近尾聲，過(guò)去的這一年中我們見(jiàn)證了許多文化事件。這里挑選了10件大事，讓我們一起來(lái)回顧下吧。
1. China’s 24 Solar Terms added to UNESCO’s heritage list
1. 24節(jié)氣被列入世界非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)
24節(jié)氣被列入世界非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)
China’s 24 Solar Terms were added to UNESCO’s List of Intangible Cultural Heritage on Nov 30 this year.
今年11月30日，中國(guó)的24節(jié)氣被列入聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織(UNESCO)世界非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄。
China’s 24 Solar Terms, considered as the country’s fifth greatest invention, is a knowledge system and social practice formed through observations of the sun’s annual motion, and cognition of the year’s changes in season, climate and phenology.
中國(guó)的24節(jié)氣被視為中國(guó)的第五大發(fā)明，它是通過(guò)觀察太陽(yáng)的周年運(yùn)動(dòng)，以及認(rèn)識(shí)一年中季節(jié)、氣候和物候方面的變化而形成的一種知識(shí)體系和社會(huì)實(shí)踐習(xí)慣。
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization announced the addition at the 11th Session of UNESCO’s Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織在埃塞俄比亞首都亞的斯亞貝巴舉行的聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織“保護(hù)非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)政府間委員會(huì)”第11次會(huì)議上宣布了此項(xiàng)決定。
中國(guó)“二十四節(jié)氣”正式列入聯(lián)合國(guó)非遺名錄
2. Highest price of Chinese artwork at auction this year: 663 million yuan
2.今年中國(guó)藝術(shù)品被拍出了最高價(jià)
五王醉歸圖卷
Five Drunken Kings Return on Horses by Ren Renfa, a prominent painter of horses and also a high-ranking official in charge of water controls during the Yuan Dynasty, was sold for 303 million yuan at a Beijing auction on Dec 4.
元代著名畫(huà)家任仁發(fā)，同時(shí)也是一位高級(jí)水利官員，他創(chuàng)作的“五王醉歸圖卷”在12月4日北京的拍賣會(huì)上被拍出了3.03億元。
The 2-meter-long color hand scroll fetched 303 million yuan, claiming the record for the highest paid Chinese artwork at auction this year.
這幅2米長(zhǎng)的彩色手卷最終成交價(jià)為3.03億，創(chuàng)今年中國(guó)藝術(shù)品最高成交紀(jì)錄。
3. Scattering books on subway went viral in big cities
3.大城市地鐵上演“丟書(shū)大作戰(zhàn)”
大城市地鐵上演“丟書(shū)大作戰(zhàn)”
Inspired by British actress and "book fairy" Emma Watson, the Scattering Book project, which advocates leaving books in public spaces for more people to read, went viral nationwide.
受英國(guó)女演員、“丟書(shū)行動(dòng)”創(chuàng)始人艾瑪.沃特的啟發(fā)，提倡人們把書(shū)丟到公共場(chǎng)所，以鼓勵(lì)更多的人去閱讀的丟書(shū)大作戰(zhàn)活動(dòng)，在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)走紅。
Xinshixiang, an influential public account on WeChat launched a Scattering Book project in November in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, with 10,000 books left on subways, airplanes and taxis for sharing.
一家有影響力的微信公眾號(hào)“新世相”于11月在北上廣三個(gè)城市中的地鐵系統(tǒng)、航空系統(tǒng)以及滴滴順風(fēng)車內(nèi)丟下了近萬(wàn)本書(shū)，正式啟動(dòng)“丟書(shū)大作戰(zhàn)”行動(dòng)。
Each book is marked with the Scattering Book project name and anyone can read the book freely and then pass it on anywhere in the city. There is a QR code inside the book and by scanning the code one can trace the book and see messages left by former readers.
每本書(shū)上都貼有“丟書(shū)大作戰(zhàn)”的標(biāo)簽，大家都可以自由閱讀，并再把書(shū)傳到這個(gè)城市的其他地方。
The project was also stirring heated debate. Some have their doubts, wondering if it is just a marketing campaign or whether it will really help people pick up a book.
這個(gè)活動(dòng)也引起了人們的熱議。一些人對(duì)此持懷疑態(tài)度，不知這個(gè)活動(dòng)只是一種市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷的手段，還是真能幫助人們培養(yǎng)起讀書(shū)的興趣。
中國(guó)版"地鐵藏書(shū)"遇尷尬 網(wǎng)友反響褒貶不一
4. First Chinese woman to win a Hugo Award
4.首位中國(guó)女性獲得雨果獎(jiǎng)
中國(guó)科幻女作家郝景芳成為首位獲得雨果獎(jiǎng)的中國(guó)女性
Science-fiction author Hao Jingfang became the first Chinese woman to win a Hugo Award, beating best-selling horror and fantasy writer Stephen King in the best novelette category.
中國(guó)科幻女作家郝景芳成為首位獲得雨果獎(jiǎng)的中國(guó)女性，在最受歡迎的中篇小說(shuō)分類中，超越了最暢銷的恐怖奇幻作家史蒂芬.金。
The 32-year-old from Tianjin received the prize for Folding Beijing, in which she depicts the Chinese capital as a city divided by social class.
這位32歲的天津姑娘憑借小說(shuō)《北京折疊》得獎(jiǎng)，書(shū)中她將這個(gè)中國(guó)首都以社會(huì)等級(jí)區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)。
Her win comes a year after Liu Cixin won a Hugo for his novel The Three-Body Problem. He was the first Chinese author to win the prize.
就在一年前，劉慈欣的作品《三體》獲得了雨果獎(jiǎng)。他是首位獲得雨果獎(jiǎng)的中國(guó)人。
劉慈欣之后，郝景芳《北京折疊》再獲雨果獎(jiǎng)
5. Auction of stolen or smuggled relics banned
5.盜竊、走私文物禁止拍賣
A new regulation that bans the auction of stolen, smuggled and looted cultural relics reinforces China’s firm stance on preventing the loss of relics and retrieving those that have been illegally transported abroad.
一項(xiàng)新規(guī)定稱，被盜竊、走私的或者被非法掠奪的中國(guó)文物不得作為拍賣標(biāo)的，這增強(qiáng)了中國(guó)在保護(hù)文物流失以及索回被非法運(yùn)送出境的文物的堅(jiān)定決心。
The State Administration of Cultural Relics issued the regulation on Oct 20 on its website, specifying the types of cultural objects that, if originally obtained illegally, cannot appear in sales.
國(guó)家文物管理局10月20日在其網(wǎng)站上公布了這項(xiàng)規(guī)定，強(qiáng)調(diào)如果文物來(lái)源非法，就不應(yīng)當(dāng)被拍賣。
They include all types of artworks dating before 1949, as well as documents and objects of historical importance and works of late modern artists that are restricted by law from exportation.
這包括可追溯到建國(guó)前的所有形式的藝術(shù)作品，重要?dú)v史時(shí)刻的文獻(xiàn)和物品，以及后現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)家的被法律明文規(guī)定不能出口的作品。
6. Celebrating the 400th death anniversary of great playwright Tang Xianzu
6.偉大的戲劇家湯顯祖逝世400周年紀(jì)念活動(dòng)
偉大的戲劇家湯顯祖
A series of cultural events were held this year to mark the 400th death anniversary of Tang Xianzu (1550-1616), a celebrated playwright, whom fans call "China’s William Shakespeare".
今年舉行了一系列活動(dòng)以紀(jì)念著名戲劇家湯顯祖(1550-1616年)逝世400周年，粉絲們將他比作“中國(guó)的莎士比亞”。
The Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) playwright from Fuzhou composed more than 2,000 poems and essays, most of which were written during his later years. He is particularly remembered for his four plays - The Peony Pavilion, The Purple Hairpin, Record of the Southern Bough and Record of Handan - collectively known as The Four Dreams of Linchuan.
這位明代(1368-1644)的劇作家生于撫州，創(chuàng)作了2000多首詩(shī)歌和散文，大多數(shù)都是在其晚年時(shí)期完成。湯顯祖最著名的作品有四部：《牡丹亭》，《紫釵記》，《南柯記》，《邯鄲記》——通常被合稱為臨川四夢(mèng)。
Since the great English playwright William Shakespeare also died in 1616, a series of events, including seminars, forums and performances were held in the UK and China to honor the two masters this year.
由于偉大的英國(guó)劇作家莎士比亞也在1616年逝世，今年中英兩國(guó)舉行了一系列的研討會(huì)、論壇和交流活動(dòng)以紀(jì)念兩位大師。
7. Cao Wenxuan wins "Nobel Prize" for children’s books
7. 曹文軒獲兒童文學(xué)界諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)
Children’s literature writer Cao Wenxuan, 62, won the Hans Christian Andersen Award for his work, the International Board on Books for Young People announced at the Bologna International Children’s Book Fair in Italy on April 5.
今年4月5日在意大利博洛尼亞的國(guó)際童書(shū)展上，62歲的中國(guó)兒童文學(xué)作家曹文軒獲得“國(guó)際安徒生獎(jiǎng)”。
With this award, Cao became the first Chinese to claim the world-renowned "Nobel Prize for children’s literature".
他成為了首位獲得這一至高榮譽(yù)“兒童文學(xué)界諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)”的中國(guó)人。
The award is the highest international recognition given to living authors and illustrators of children’s books for their whole body of work.
安徒生獎(jiǎng)是對(duì)兒童文學(xué)作者和插畫(huà)者的最高國(guó)際認(rèn)可。
8. Latin American fare served all year round
8.中國(guó)與拉美文化交流
This year marked the cultural exchange year between China and Latin American and Caribbean countries. Chinese President Xi Jinping proposed the culture exchange year in July 2014 when he attended the China-Latin America and the Caribbean Summit in Brasilia.
今年是中國(guó)與拉美和加勒比國(guó)家文化交流年。2014年7月，中國(guó)國(guó)家主席習(xí)近平在巴西利亞出席中國(guó)、拉美和加勒比國(guó)家峰會(huì)時(shí)，提出了文化交流年的計(jì)劃。
A wide variety of cultural activities to promote Chinese and Latin America culture, advance mutual friendship and understanding, and push forward bilateral cooperation have been held throughout the whole year. These activities offered audiences a closer look at the more colorful aspects of Latin cultures and help forge a deeper understanding between the regions.
貫穿全年的多樣性的文化活動(dòng)，促進(jìn)了中國(guó)和拉美之間的文化交流，增進(jìn)了相互的友誼和理解，推進(jìn)了雙邊合作。這些活動(dòng)也為公眾提供了一個(gè)近距離了解拉美豐富多彩的文化的機(jī)會(huì)，幫助兩個(gè)地區(qū)增進(jìn)深入理解。
9. Identity of Haihun tomb occupant confirmed
9. �；韬钅怪魅松矸萁視�
The identity of the occupant of the Haihunhou tomb was confirmed in March this year.
今年3月，海昏侯墓主人身份終于揭曉。
Unearthed relics helped to identify that the tomb belonged to Liu He (92 BC-59 BC), who was dethroned after 27 days - the shortest reigning Western Han monarch.
出土的文物揭開(kāi)了墓主人的身份——只當(dāng)了27天皇帝的劉賀(公元前92到公元前59年)，西漢君主中在位時(shí)間最短的一位。
The tomb in Nanchang, the capital of Jiangxi province, is the best-preserved cemetery from the Western Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD 24), with the most integrated structure and a distinct layout.
此古墓位于江西省首都南昌，是自西漢(公元前206到公元24年)以來(lái)保存最好的一座古墓，結(jié)構(gòu)完好，布局清晰。
As the excavation of Emperor Liu He’s tomb in the Haihunhou mausoleum was completed, archaeological work on his wife’s tomb is scheduled to start the first half of next year. It is also said that the construction of a museum on the site of Haihunhou tomb will start in June 2017.
隨著海昏侯陵墓中劉賀墓地發(fā)掘工作的完成，其妻子墓地的考古工作預(yù)計(jì)于2017年上半年啟動(dòng)。據(jù)稱海昏侯墓地博物館的建設(shè)工作也將于2017年6月開(kāi)始。
10. Great masters that passed away -Peking Opera master Mei Baojiu dies at 82
10. 京劇大師梅葆玖去世 享年82歲
Mei Baojiu, a Peking Opera master, died at the age of 82 on April 25 in Beijing. He had been hospitalized since March 31 after falling into a coma following a bronchial spasm.
京劇大師梅葆玖于4月25日上午在北京逝世，享年82歲。梅葆玖3月31日因突發(fā)支氣管痙攣，導(dǎo)致昏迷送醫(yī)院搶救。
Mei Baojiu was the ninth son of Mei Lanfang (1894-1961), who is considered the most outstanding Peking Opera artist of all time and is credited with bringing Peking Opera to the United States and Europe in the 1930s.
他是梅蘭芳(1894-1961年)之子，梅蘭芳是有史以來(lái)最杰出的京劇藝術(shù)家，上世紀(jì)30年代，他把京劇帶到了美國(guó)和歐洲。
