動名詞表達的是： 狀態，性質，心境，抽象，經常性，已發生的
不定式表達的是： 目的，結果，原因，具體，一次性，將發生的
2) 接不定式或動名詞，意義相同。
3) 動名詞與不定式語義不同的有11 組：
特殊詞精講
stop doing/to do stop to do 停止，中斷做某事后去做另一件事。 stop doing 停止做某事。 They stop to smoke a cigarette. 他們停下來，抽了根煙。 I must stop smoking. 我必須戒煙了。
典型例題
She reached the top of the hill and stopped ___ on a big rock by the side of the path.
A. to have rested B. resting C. to rest D. rest
答案：C。由題意可知，她到了山頂，停下來在一個路邊的大石頭上休息。因此，應選擇"stop to do sth. 停下來去做另一件事"。而不僅僅是爬山動作的終止，所以stop doing sth.不正確。 stop doing/to do forget doing/to do forget to do 忘記要去做某事。 (未做) forget doing 忘記做過某事。 (已做) The light in the office is stil on. He forgot to turn it off. 辦公室的燈還在亮著，它忘記關了。(沒有做關燈的動作) He forgot turning the light off. 他忘記他已經關了燈了。( 已做過關燈的動作) Don't forget to come tomorrow. 別忘了明天來。(to come動作未做)
典型例題 ---- The light in the office is still on. ---- Oh, I forgot___.
A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off
答案：C。由the light is still on 可知燈亮著，即關燈的動作沒有發生，因此用forget to do sth. 而forget doing sth表示燈已經關上了，而自己忘記了這一事實。此處不符合題意。 try doing/to do try to do 努力，企圖做某事。 try doing 試驗，試著做某事。 You must try to be more careful. 你可要多加小心。 I tried gardening but didn't succeed. 我試著種果木花卉，但未成功。 go on doing/to do go on to do 做了一件事后，接著做另一件事。 go on doing 繼續做原來做的事。 After he had finished his maths，he went on to do his physics. 做完數學后，他接著去做物理。 Go on doing the other exercise after you have finished this one. 作完這個練習后，接著做其他的練習 be afraid doing/to do be afraid to do 不敢，膽怯去做某事，是主觀上的原因不去做，意為"怕"; be afraid of doing 擔心出現doing的狀況、結果。 doing 是客觀上造成的，意為"生怕，恐怕"。
She was afraid to step further in grass because she was afraid of being bitten by a snake. 她生怕被蛇咬著，而不敢在草叢中再走一步。
She was afraid to wake her husband. 她不敢去叫醒她丈夫。 She was afraid of waking her husband. 她生怕吵醒她丈夫。
be interested doing/to dointerested to do 對做某事感興趣，想了解某事。interested in doing 對某種想法感興趣，doing 通常為想法。
I shall be interested to know what happens. 我很想知道發生了什么事。 (想了解)
I'm interested in working in Switzerland. Do you have any idea about that? 我對在瑞士工作感興趣。你想過這事嗎? (一種想法)
mean to doing/to domean to do 打算、想mean doing 意味著
I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to. 我想去，但是我父親不肯讓我去。
To raise wage means increasing purchasing power. 贈加工資意味著增加購買力。
begin(start) doing/to dobegin / start to do sthbegin / start doing sth.
1) 談及一項長期活動或開始一種習慣時，使用doing.
How old were you when you first started playing the piano? 你幾歲時開始彈鋼琴?
2) begin, start用進行時時，后面動詞用不定式to doI was beginning to get angry. 我開始生起氣來。
3) 在attempt, intend, begin, start 后接know, understand, realize這類動詞時，常用不定式to do。
I begin to understand the truth. 我開始明白真相。
4) 物作主語時
It began to melt. 感官動詞 + doing/to do 感官動詞 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do 表示動作的完整性，真實性;+doing 表示動作的連續性，進行性
I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看見他在花園里干活了。(強調"我看見了"這個事實)
I saw him working in the garden yesterday. (強調"我見他正干活"這個動作)昨天我見他正在花園里干活。
典型例題 1) They knew her very well. They had seen her ___ up from childhood.
A. grow B. grew C. was growing D. to grow
答案：A. 因題意為，他們看著她長大，因此強調的是成長的過程，而非正在長的動作，因此用see sb do sth.的句型。
2) The missing boy was last seen ___ near the river. A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play
答案：A. 本題強調其動作，正在河邊玩，應此用see sb. doing sth句型。
